The Effect of Social Capital and Organizational Health on Competitive Advantages of Culinary and Craft SMEs in Samarinda City

Samarinda City was appointed as a buffer for the new capital city of Indonesia through culinary and craft SMEs. Culinary and craft SMEs are believed to be the drivers in accelerating the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), which are part of the strategy of the Provincial Government of East Kalimantan. Even so, 72% of the problems culinary and craft SMEs face in Samarinda City are related to competitive advantages. Culinary and craft SMEs in Samarinda City are still constrained by competitive disadvantage, especially in the non-substitutable resource aspect. This study aimed to analyze the effect of organizational capital and health on competitive advantage, especially in the era of post-COVID-19 economic recovery through the creative economy. This study used a survey method with a quantitative approach. The analysis techniques used were descriptive analysis and factor analysis using structural equation modeling with item parceling. The subjects of this study were SMEs in the culinary and craft sub-sector in Samarinda City (N = 365 SMEs). This study found that social capital and organizational health positively and significantly affect competitive advantage, both partially and simultaneously. Surprisingly, the dimension of work culture and climate s not suitable for modeling the impact of social capital and organizational health on the competitive advantage of culinary and craft SMEs in Samarinda City. This research is expected to contribute theoretically to developing a new model to achieve optimal competitive advantage through social capital and health organizations. This research is expected to strengthen the people's economy to achieve SDGs through SMEs, especially for Samarinda City, a buffer for the new capital city of the Republic of Indonesia and post-COVID-19 economic recovery through the creative economy.

Opportunity recognition during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of Ghanaian women entrepreneurs in the beauty industry

PurposeThis paper aims to develop insight into the impact the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis had on female entrepreneurs in Ghana's beauty industry and their ability to recognize opportunities. The authors also ascertained characteristics of the women that seemed to have influenced opportunity recognition.Design/methodology/approachUsing the case study approach, the authors collected data via in-depth interviews and open-ended questionnaires from sixteen women entrepreneurs in the beauty industry. The data were analyzed using a thematic analysis.FindingsThe data show that women entrepreneurs encountered challenges during the pandemic;however, some of the women were able to identify opportunities. Creativity and social media inclination were perceived to have influenced opportunity recognition. It was also observed from the demographic data that women who identified opportunities and women who could not differ in the level of education, age and firm age.Practical implicationsWomen entrepreneurs are encouraged to capitalize on social media and virtual platforms to enhance their marketing, services and operations. COVID-19 aid for businesses must be distributed equitably to all entrepreneurs in need.Originality/valueThe findings from this study provide novel insights into opportunity recognition during a crisis, focusing on a specific industry in a developing country.

Changes in social capital after the 2011 great east Japan earthquake-results of an awareness survey in Taro District, Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture

Ten years after the Great East Japan Earthquake, reconstruction projects are progressing in the affected areas and new towns are being formed. However, the recent spread of COVID-19 infection is thought to have affected interactions among residents. In this study, we conducted a multiple-choice questionnaire survey in the Taro district of Miyako City, Iwate Prefecture, which was severely damaged by the Great East Japan Earthquake, to investigate residents' social capital. Cross-tabulations, chi-square tests, and residual analysis revealed the following trends. First, most respondents indicated that the frequency of interaction with local residents and community activities decreased or remained the same after the earthquake. Second, Changes in residents' social capital compared to pre-disaster levels are significantly related to their social capital now, 10 years after the earthquake. Finally, respondents with no roommates and female respondents showed a higher rate of decline in social capital compared to pre-disaster levels. In the disaster-affected areas, the importance of social capital is becoming increasingly recognized for promoting future reconstruction community planning and inhibiting solitary death. It is necessary to respond to residents whose social capital is likely to decline more than before the disaster, such as women and those who live alone. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reseverd.

Digital Socialligators? Social Media-Induced Perceived Support During the Transition to the COVID-19 Lockdown

The sudden COVID-19-induced transition from a physical university life to a virtual one was a painful one for many students. Social distancing measures mean more than a simple change from face-to-face to online education. This study investigates how different social aspects, such as the students' psychological sense of community, social capital, and use of social media, facilitated the perceived social support during the transition to the COVID-19 lockdown. Our results not only underline social media's role, but also indicate that the perceived social support, as well as the bonding and bridging social capital, were particularly relevant during the transition process. Our findings are aimed at organizational management by recommending actionable ways in which they could improve social support by organizing computer-supported social networks, social support predictors, and specialized interventions for students with less perceived social support. As such, the study provides unique insights into the COVID-19-induced lockdown situation among students, while offering a transition model that also generalizes to other settings. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Social Science Computer Review is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Social capital and community organizing in community-based COVID-19 management in two resettlement sites in the Philippines

The study yields insights on the community-based actions for pandemic management in two urban resettlement sites in the Philippines. Studies that interrogate the origins of community-based actions in government-built resettlement sites during the pandemic have been scant. We investigated in two communities how social capital, community organizing, and collective action intersected in wielding the community leaders' combined agency in building their own COVID-19 management system. The data were collected through phone interviews with community leaders and residents during the lockdown period. In a context of low local government support, the communities proved their ability to build their pandemic management system. Nonetheless, one community was much quicker in setting up the crisis management system and was even able to adjust it to the shifting quarantine policies and corresponding needs of the residents. The notable differences between the two communities can be attributed to their different community organizing experience and different stocks of social capital. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reseverd.

Relevance of social capital in preserving subjective well‐being in the face of the COVID‐19 pandemic

This paper analyzes the changes in subjective well‐being (SWB) in 11 Latin American cities at the end of the acceleration phase of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the variables that influenced these changes, and the role of the public support policies and the social capital on SWB recovery. This study, the second of a two‐phase research project, is a survey‐based comparative analysis. The 5604 survey responses obtained included 3279 observations from the research project's preceding phase, and 2325 observations conducted as part of the second project phase and current study. A multivariate linear regression model was used to evaluate the impact of the different variables related to COVID‐19 on people's SWB. Results show that the most significant positive impacts on SWB, are attributed to social capital, particularly family and social cohesion. The study confirms that the level of SWB is strongly associated with personality traits, health, and key variables such as age, marital status, and income. The different measures established to control the pandemic have not remedied the negative impacts of COVID‐19 on people's SWB. However, an increase in different degrees of SWB was observed in 10 out of the 11 cities between the initial survey and the follow‐up survey.Alternate :本文分析了11个拉丁美洲城市在2019冠状病毒病（COVID‐19）大流行加速阶段结束时的主观幸福感（SWB）变化、影响SWB变化的变量、以及公共支持政策和社会资本对SWB恢复发挥的作用。本研究是一项由两阶段组成的研究课题的第二阶段——一项基于调查的比较分析。获得的5,604份调查回复包括来自研究课题第一阶段的3,279次观察，以及课题第二阶段（本研究）进行的2,325次观察。使用多元线性回归模型评价与COVID‐19相关的不同变量对人民SWB产生的影响。结果表明，对SWB产生最显著积极影响的变量为社会资本，特别是家庭和社会凝聚力。本研究证实，SWB水平与人格特征、健康状况、以及年龄、婚姻状况和收入等关键变量强烈相关。为控制大流行而制定的不同措施并没有弥补COVID‐19对人民SWB产生的负面影响。不过，从初次调查到后续调查的期间，11个城市中有10个城市的SWB出现了不同程度的上升。Alternate :RESUMENEste artículo analiza los cambios en el bienestar subjetivo en 11 ciudades de América Latina al final de la fase de aceleración de la pandemia de COVID‐19, las variables que influyeron en estos cambios y el papel de las políticas públicas de apoyo y el capital social en la recuperación del bienestar subjetivo.Este estudio, el segundo de un proyecto de investigación de dos fases, es un análisis comparativo basado en encuestas. Las 5605 encuestas respondidas incluyeron 3279 observaciones de la fase anterior del proyecto de investigación y 2325 observaciones realizadas como parte de la segunda fase del proyecto y el estudio actual. Se utilizó un modelo de regresión lineal multivariado para evaluar el impacto de las diferentes variables relacionadas con COVID‐19 en el bienestar subjetivo de las personas.Los resultados muestran que los impactos positivos más significativos en el bienestar subjetivo se atribuyen al capital social, particularmente a la cohesión familiar y social. El estudio confirma que el nivel de bienestar subjetivo está fuertemente asociado con los rasgos de personalidad, la salud y variables clave como la edad, el estado civil y los ingresos. Las diferentes medidas establecidas para el control de la pandemia no han subsanado los impactos negativos del COVID‐19 en el bienestar subjetivo de las personas. Sin embargo, se observó un aumento en diferentes grados de bienestar subjetivo en 10 de las 11 ciudades entre la encuesta inicial y la encuesta de seguimiento.

The association between food insecurity and social capital under the lockdowns in COVID-hit Shanghai

As an emergency, food insecurity threatens people's well-being, while social capital is expected to enhance their resilience in this situation. This study examined the relationship between food insecurity and social capital during the COVID-19 lockdowns in Shanghai. We collected a dataset of 1064 participants by random sampling. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the dynamics of social capital before and after lockdowns. The results show that the level of post-lockdown social capital was higher than that of pre-lockdown social capital. Pre-lockdown social capital predicted the extent to which people suffered from food insecurity and their approaches to obtaining food. Participation in group purchases and food exchange with other residents predicted the levels of post-lockdown social capital. The results shed light on the interaction between emergencies and social capital. Our study theoretically contributes to understanding social capital through a dynamic perspective. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] 粮食不安全的紧急发生威胁着人们的健康，而社会资本则有望在这种情况下增强人们的复原力。本研究考察了上海新冠疫情封城期间，食物不安全和社会资本之间的关系。我们通过随机抽样，收集了1064名参与者的数据。我们利用结构方程模型来分析封城前后社会资本的动态变化。结果显示，封城后的社会资本水平高于封城前的社会资本。封城前的社会资本决定了人们的食物安全受威胁的程度，以及他们获得食物的方式。参与团购和与其他居民的食物交换决定了封城后社会资本的水平。研究结果可以让人们对紧急情况和社会资本之间的互动有进一步的了解。在理论上，我们的研究有助于通过动态视角加深对社会资本的理解。 (Chinese) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Urban Studies (Sage Publications, Ltd.) is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

The Moderating Effect of Social Capital on Fiscal Policy Responses to COVID-19: Cross-Country Evidence

This study suggests that an adequate level of social capital with a robust health profile might be associated with positive policy outcomes in com-bating COVID-19. We investigate the effect of interaction between fiscal policy responses and social capital on the spreading of the pandemic, by considering the country health profile, demographic and economic factors, in a cross-section of 94 countries. Firstly, the results of the analysis indicate the moderating effect of social capital on keeping the pandemic under control through fiscal policy measures. In particular, strong bilateral and family ties as well as better coordi-nation and cooperation at the community level can facilitate the goal of fiscal policy measures. The results also reveal that the declining effect of fiscal policy on the pandemic mostly arises from the relatively high social capital levels, while it loses its effectiveness at low levels. Secondly, the findings emphasize the role of behavioural risk factors, care systems and preventative interventions as prom-inent determinants of surviving in pandemic. Thirdly, we conclude that taking specific measures for identified vulnerable and high-risk groups is quite im-portant in overcoming the disease. © 2023, Savez Ekonomista Vojvodine. All rights reserved.

Comparing the Effects of Traditional Media and Social Media Use on General Trust in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Although previous studies have indicated a generally positive association between social media use and general trust, the differential impacts of traditional media and social media on general trust and their underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elaborated. Drawing on the three-dimensional definition of social capital (i.e., personal networks, social norms, and interpersonal trust) as its theoretical framework, this study comparatively examines the impacts of traditional media and social media on general trust, focusing on the mediating role of social capital. Analyses of survey data from China (N = 1,519) during the first stage of COVID-19 demonstrate that social media has a positive relationship with general trust. In addition, social media has two opposing indirect effects on general trust through increased interpersonal trust and personal networks. In contrast, traditional media use has no positive relationship with general trust, either directly or indirectly, although it has a positive relationship with social norms. The differential consequences of using traditional media and social media on general trust are discussed from the perspective of social capital.

Risk of a major depressive episode in Colombian adults: Frequency and some associated variables during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction: The risk of a major depressive episode is a public health problem;however, the frequency during the coronavirus pandemic is unknown. Objective: To determine the frequency of the risk of a major depressive episode and its association with sociodemographic variables and cognitive social capital in Colombian adults during COVID-19 confinement. Method: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using an online questionnaire that explored demographic variables, cognitive social capital, and risk of a major depressive episode (General Well-being Index, WHO-5). Results: Seven hundred adults answered the questionnaire. They were between 18 and 76 years old (M= 37.1, SD=12.7), 32.1% were between 18 and 28 years old, 68% were women, 24.0% scored for low social capital, and 61.1% were categorized as high risk of a major depressive episode. Female gender (aOR=1.58, 95%CI 1.12-2.22), young age (18-29 years, aOR=3.82;95%CI 2.56-5.72), and low social capital (aOR=2.05, 95%CI 1.37-3.07) were associated with risk of a major depressive episode. Conclusions: The frequency of risk of the major depressive episode was high and was associated with the female gender, young age (18 to 28 years), and low social capital. It is necessary to corroborate these findings in a probabilistic sample of Colombians and, more frequently, to quantify social capital in research.

Income shock and financial well-being in the COVID-19 pandemic: financial resilience and psychological resilience as mediators

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between income shock suffered during the coronavirus pandemic and subsequent financial well-being (FWB) of Indian adults, mediated by financial resilience (FR) and psychological resilience (PR). Design/methodology/approach: The authors propose a conceptual model for the relationship between income shock and FWB, with FR and PR as mediator variables. The authors consider four dimensions of financial resilience: economic resources, financial inclusion, financial knowledge and social capital. This study uses a unidimensional scale for PR. Data were collected from 370 respondents from 11 cities across India. Structural equation models were built to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings: Income shock was negatively associated with FWB. Estimated path coefficients for FR and PR were statistically significant and confirmed a mediating role. Among the four dimensions of financial resilience, only economic resources were positively associated with FWB. The mediation relation between economic resources and FWB was larger than PR. Research limitations/implications: Since convenience sampling was used to collect data, the results of this study are indicative but not generalizable. Social implications: For individuals who suffered income shocks during the pandemic, adequate economic resources are crucial for FWB. Governmental disbursements, personal savings and medical or life insurance could provide an adequate safety net. Originality/value: There are no extant studies that examine the association between income shocks and FWB in the pandemic, and this study contributes to the literature. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Tourism entrepreneurship in rural destinations: measuring the effects of capital configurations using the fsQCA approach

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the causal configuration effect of the determinants of tourism entrepreneurship in rural tourism destinations based on the capital framework.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this research were collected from a sample comprising 140 rural enterprise owners in China and analyzed via fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.FindingsAll the investigated capital factors were relevant to tourism entrepreneurship, although they only facilitated tourism entrepreneurship when combined. It was observed here that four capital configurations promoted tourism entrepreneurship in rural destinations, highlighting the multiple paths toward rural tourism entrepreneurship. The human and physical capitals of entrepreneurs were key to tourism entrepreneurship.Practical implicationsIt is relevant for entrepreneurs and managers to realize that there are multiple strategies for promoting tourism entrepreneurship in rural destinations. The four capital configurations revealed here offer guidelines for evaluating the potential and possibility of rural tourism entrepreneurship. Local managers and governments must prioritize human and physical capitals when the venture capital and resources are limited.Originality/valueFirst, the findings of this study deepened the understanding of the factors influencing tourism entrepreneurship using the capital framework. Second, it revealed that capital configurations determined tourism entrepreneurship and that existence and interactions of the various forms of capital affect rural entrepreneurship. Third, this study revealed that the success of tourism entrepreneurship depends on the entrepreneur's ability to combine the various forms of capital and resources.

When and why workplace cyberbullying influences intention to stay: role of workplace social capital and affective commitment

Purpose: COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of home-based teleworking globally. Coupled with this, there are rising concerns about workplace cyberbullying. However, less studies have explored workplace cyberbullying in non-western countries. The purpose of the current study is to examine whether workplace cyberbullying affects employees' intention to stay and to find out the mechanisms underlying the relationship. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected among Indian home-based teleworkers. Data were analysed using SmartPLS and SPSS-PROCESS macro. Findings: Results show that workplace cyberbullying negatively impacts intention to stay and affective commitment acts as a mediator between this link. The results also reveal that workplace social capital moderates the negative effects of workplace cyberbullying on affective commitment. The results further confirm that workplace social capital moderated the indirect impact of workplace cyberbullying on intention to stay via affective commitment. Practical implications: This study highlights the potential of leveraging workplace social capital in order to reduce the negative effects of workplace cyberbullying. Originality/value: These findings can complement the previous studies on the impact of negative work events on affective commitment and intention to stay as well as extend researchers' understanding of the underlying mechanism between workplace cyberbullying and intention to stay. Furthermore, this research explains how employees can utilise social resources from workplace social capital to mitigate the negative outcomes of workplace cyberbullying. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.

Contrast a Model of the Coffee Entrepreneurship in the Covid-19 Era

Is observed a structure of five factors: representations, habitus, fields, capital, capabilities and enterprise that explained 54% of the total variance explained, although the research design limited findings local scenario, suggesting the inclusion of variables that the literature identifies Sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables to establish entrepreneurial profiles according to risk events;landslides, fires, droughts, floods, frosts or earthquakes. If a representation links coffee farming with other personal or community needs, then it supposes provisions that facilitate the objectification or anchoring of information related to sowing, harvesting, weather, pests, prices and prices. Faced with the environmental problems of droughts or floods, social capital networks in Xilitla respond with organization of the crop in diversified stages but confined to the achievement of goals that guarantee the productive cycle. The representations are discursive innovations from which scientific knowledge is disseminated in common sense and social thought, although this is exclusive of not only science, art or culture in general since the symbols to discover or invent are also prone to its transformation into interpretations of reality and more primarily discursive senses.

Social Media Acceptance and e-Learning Post-Covid-19: New factors determine the extension of TAM

The key objective of our study involves devising a conceptual model for estimation of social media acceptance by students for effectively accomplishing their educational and academic goals. Factors e.g., perceived social capital, social influence, and perceived mobility that associated with student acceptance of social media were investigated, and integrated into the TAM model using the PLS-SEM. Data were collected through online survey (461 students) at UAE universities. The findings revealed that mentioned factors positively affected students' intention to use social media during their learning process. Respondents' behavioral intention were also linked to both the core and external constructs of the TAM. Important practical insights on technology acceptance in education were provided. © 2022 IEEE.

Vulnerability to Food Insecurity among Older People: The Role of Social Capital

Food insecurity is a public health issue in Western countries, including the UK. Being food-insecure means older adults may not access sufficient nutritious, safe, and socially acceptable food, leading to a higher risk of malnutrition. We conducted a qualitative study of 25 households with men and women aged 60-95 years to investigate how older adults access food and to explore social capital, which might contribute to food security or prevent malnutrition. We conducted participant-led kitchen tours, interviews, photo, and video elicitation across multiple household visits. In addition, we brought stakeholders together from a range of sectors in a workshop to explore how they might respond to our empirical findings, through playing a serious game based on scenarios drawn from our data. This was a successful way to engage a diverse audience to identify possible solutions to threats to food security in later life. Analysis of the data showed that older people's physical and mental health status and the local food environment often had a negative impact on food security. Older people leveraged social capital through reciprocal bonding and bridging social networks which supported the maintenance of food security. Data were collected before COVID-19, but the pandemic amplifies the utility of our study findings. Many social elements associated with food practices as well as how people shop have changed because of COVID-19 and other global and national events, including a cost-of-living crisis. To prevent ongoing adverse impacts on food security, focus and funding should be directed to re-establishment of social opportunities and rebuilding bridging social capital.

University to Tambon (U2T) program and sustainable community development during COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand

The Thai government created proactive policies designed to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic while it developed durable interventions after the crisis ended. One such intervention, the U2T program ('University to Tambon") used universities to partner with communities to create lasting changes in areas such as sustainable community development. Using Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD), one case study is presented that addresses income insecurity among community elders. Qualitative data was collected through participant observation, interviews of participants (N = 36) and focus group members (N = 30) and augmented by needs assessments and asset mapping. The income generating activities for the elderly germinated from using PAR and ABCD. Themes that emerge from the data involve buttressing bridging capital in the Tambons and developing linking capital to expand and create new networks outside the community. The results suggest that universities can facilitate community development via PAR and ABCD.

Mechanisms behind COVID-19 scepticism among socially marginalised individuals in Europe

Homeless and materially disadvantaged people are considered particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 infection. So far, there is no systematic knowledge about how the homeless and materially disadvantaged people perceive the risks of COVID-19 and what factors influence the development of sceptical views and underestimation of dangers posed by the virus. The aim of our study is therefore to: (1) Explore COVID-19 risk perception of socially marginalised individuals, focusing on their assessment of the probability of getting infected by the virus and the perceived harmful consequences of the disease;and (2) examine the factors influencing COVID-19 risk beliefs of these individuals. We use cross-sectional survey data with 273 participants from eight countries and data from 32 interviews and five workshops with managers and staff of social care organisations in ten European countries. Our results indicate that among survey participants, 49% can be labelled COVID-19 sceptics with regard to probability of getting infected, and 38% with regard to harmful consequences of the disease. We find that COVID-19 scepticism is related to low levels of all types of social capital, low trust in information from authorities and being a minority. However, the most important predictor is the respondents' general lack of concern about health risks. Additionally, the qualitative data indicates the multifaceted nature of COVID-19 scepticism, as it may relate to the origins of COVID-19, the probability of infection, its consequences and protective measures, among others. Improved understanding about factors influencing COVID-19 scepticism in these groups contributes to a better understanding of the information disorder during crises, and the ways in which this could be managed through policies against marginalisation, including in disaster risk reduction.

Did outside directors' firm-specific accumulated knowledge benefit the firm's stock performance during COVID-19?

We examine whether outside directors' firm-specific accumulated knowledge in the forms of human and internal social capital benefitted the firm during COVID-19. Using a sample of 754 US firms during the COVID-19 collapse period, we find an inverted U-shaped relation between outside directors' average board tenure and cumulative excess stock returns. Our result suggests that firms experienced optimal cumulative excess stock returns during COVID-19 when outside directors' average board tenure is 10 years. We also find that the curvilinear relation is profound for outside directors with more internal social capital, suggesting that outside directors' internal social capital plays a prominent role in enhancing board effectiveness during a crisis. Furthermore, we use several robustness checks to confirm the results. JEL Classification: D83, G30, G34, M41

The mediating role of individual-level social capital among worries, mental health and subjective well-being among adults in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially induced worries and affected individual mental health and subjective well-being. Nonetheless, a high level of social capital could potentially protect individuals who suffer from mental health problems and thus promote their subjective well-being, especially under the social distancing policies during the pandemic. To this end, based on a random sample of 1053 Hong Kong adults, structural equation modeling was applied to study the path relationships between the worries of COVID-19, social capital, mental health problems, and subjective well-being. The study found that worries during the pandemic were associated with mental health and subjective well-being, through social capital as a mediator. Moreover, social capital exhibited a stronger influence on mental health and subjective well-being in the economically inactive group than in the economically active group. This study highlights the important role of social capital during the COVID-19 pandemic. While Hong Kong's COVID-19 response has primarily focused on disease prevention, it must be noted that social services and mutual-help activities are also crucial for people to withstand the crisis.